Polyurethanebubble e thatake e 'ngoe ea thepa ea ho thibela mocheso e sebelisoang haholo indastering ea ho futhumatsa. Ho tloha lihatsetsing tsa malapa le lihatsetsing ho ea ho li-unit tsa polokelo ea serame tsa khoebo, foam e thata ea polyurethane e fana ka ho thibela mocheso hantle, ho boloka matla le ho tšoarella.mokhoa oa tlhahiso ea foam e thata ea polyurethanee bohlokoa bakeng sa bahlahisi ba batlang boleng bo tsitsitseng, 'me karolo ea bohlokoa ea ts'ebetso ena ke khetho e nepahetseng eali-catalyst tsa polyurethane.
1. Lisebelisoa tse tala le tlhahiso
Tlhahiso ea foam e thata ea polyurethane bakeng sa lihatsetsi e qala ka thepa e tala e khethiloeng ka hloko:
- Li-polyol– e sebetsa e le thepa ea motheo, e khethollang litšobotsi tsa foam tse kang ho teteana le matla a ho hatella.
- Li-Isocyanate– hangata polymeric MDI (pMDI), e arabelang le polyols ho theha maqhama a urethane.
- Lisebelisoa tsa ho letsa– tse kang pentane kapa li-HFO tse sireletsang tikoloho, tse etsang sebopeho sa sele sa foam.
- Lisebelisoa– ho kenyeletsoa le lintho tse thibelang malakabe, lintho tse etsang hore lintho li be thata, le lintho tse tiisang.
- Li-catalyst tsa polyurethane– ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola reactivity le lebelo la ho fola ha sistimi.
2. Bohlokoa ba Li-Catalyst tsa Polyurethane
Litšebelisanong tsa sehatsetsing, mokhoa oa ho ntša foam o lokela ho bae tsitsitseng, e ts'oanang, 'me e ka laolehaho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea ho thibela mocheso le botsitso ba litekanyo.Li-catalyst tsa polyurethaneli sebelisoa ho leka-lekanya karabelo pakeng tsa isocyanate le polyol (karabelo ea urethane) le karabelo ea metsi-isocyanate (karabelo ea urea).
E sebelisoa hangatali-catalyst tsa aminekenyeletsa:
- Triethylenediamine (TEDA)– e fana ka ts'ebetso e matla ea ho etsa li-gelling, e potlakisa ho thehoa ha urethane, 'me e netefatsa hore foam e fola hantle.
- Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)– e leka-lekanya liketso tsa foam le gelling, e netefatsa sebopeho sa sele se ts'oanang.
- Dimorpholine diethyl ether (DMDEE)– e fana ka tieho ea ho arabela, e eketsa nako ea tranelate le ho ntlafatsa taolo ea ts'ebetso.
Li-catalyst tsa tšepe, tse kang stannous octoate kapa dibutyltin dilaurate, di sebediswa mmoho le di-catalyst tsa amine ho ntlafatsa ho fola le ho fihlella nako e lakatsehang ya ho se take.
Ho khetha motsoako o nepahetseng oali-catalyst tsa amine le tšepee ka:
- Laola boemo ba ho phahama ha foam.
- Thibela ho se be le letho le ho putlama ha ho ntse ho ntsha lephoka.
- Finyella ho khomarela mabota a likhabinete tsa sehatsetsi hantle.
- Ntlafatsa linako tsa potoloho meleng ea tlhahiso e tsoelang pele le e sa khaotseng.
3. Ho Kopanya le ho Metha
Tlhahiso ea foam ka sehatsetsing, e nepahetsenglisebelisoa tsa ho lekanyae kopanya polyol, isocyanate, sesebelisoa sa ho foka, surfactant, se thibelang malakabe, le di-catalyst ka tekanyo e nepahetseng. Ho kheloha hofe kapa hofe ho ka fella ka diphetoho tsa bongata, ho kgomarela ho fokolang, kapa ho honyela.
Likarolo tse tsoakiloeng li kenngoa ka har'a khabinete ea sehatsetsing kapa hlobo ea lemati. Mothating ona,karabelo ea polyurethanee qala hang-hang, 'me li-catalyst li phetha karolo ea tsona ho laoleng nako ea tranelate, nako ea ho phahama le boemo ba ho fola.
4. Ho Foufatsa le ho Phekola
Nakong eamohato oa ho ntsha phumulo, sesebelisoa se fokang se atoloha mme se theha sebopeho se setle, sa sele e kwetsweng. Di-catalyst tsa amine di laola lebelo la ho foka, ha di-catalyst tsa tshepe di kgothaletsa ho hokahana, e leng se lebisang ho foam e matla, e tiileng.
E nepahetsengkhetho ea catalyste netefatsa hore:
- Foam e atoloha ka ho lekana ho tlatsa lesoba lohle.
- Foam e khomarela hantle holim'a tšepe, polasetiki, kapa libaka tse kopaneng.
- Foam ea ho qetela e na le sethibelo se setle sa mocheso (boleng bo tlase ba λ) le matla a mechini.
5. Taolo ea Boleng le Teko ea Ts'ebetso
Kamora ho fola, foam ea sehatsetsing e lekoa bakeng sa:
- Botenya le sebopeho sa sele
- Matla a ho khomarela
- Ho khanna ha mocheso
- Botsitso ba tekanyo
Taolo e tsitsitseng ea boleng e netefatsa hore lihatsetsi li fihlella litekanyetso tsa tsona tsa tšebeliso ea matla tse reriloeng.
Qetello
Themokhoa oa tlhahiso ea foam e thata ea polyurethane bakeng sa lihatsetsie itšetlehile haholo ka khetho e nepahetseng le motsoako oali-catalyst tsa polyurethaneHo sebelisa li-catalyst tsa amine tse kang triethylenediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, le dimorpholine diethyl ether—hammoho le li-catalyst tsa tšepe—ho nolofalletsa bahlahisi ho fihlela ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea ho foa, sebopeho se ntlafetseng sa sele, le lebelo le ntlafalitsoeng la ho fola.
Lisebelisoa tse Ncha tsa Mingxu li ikhethile ka ho fana ka ts'ebetso e phahamengli-catalyst tsa polyurethanebakeng sa litsamaiso tsa foam tsa sehatsetsing. Mefuta ea rona ea li-catalyst tsa amine le tšepe e ka thusa bahlahisi ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso e ntle, ho fokotsa liphoso, le ho fihlela litlhoko tse boima tsa ho thibela ho futhumala ha sehatsetsing sa sejoale-joale.
Nako ea poso: Loetse-17-2025